solidkeron.blogg.se

Ziggurat 2 laboratory
Ziggurat 2 laboratory








ziggurat 2 laboratory

Recommendations RILEM (1984) Absorption of water by immersion under vacuum. Rassam H (1897) Asshur and the land of Nimrod. Oates J, Oates D (2001) Nimrud an assyrian imperial city revealed. Oates D (1968) Studies in the ancient history of northern Iraq. National Oceanographic Data Center, Iraq climatological data (2014) McIlroy de la Rosa JP, Porcel MC, Warke PA (2013) Mapping stone surface temperature fluctuations: implications for lichen distribution and biomodification on historic stone surfaces. British School of Archaeology in Iraq, Iraq Mallowan MEL (1966) Nimrud and its remains, vol 3. Ludovico-Marques M, Chastre C (2012) Effect of salt crystallization ageing on the compressive behavior of sandstone blocks in historical buildings. Layard AH (1849) Nineveh and its remains. La Iglesia A, Garcia del Cura MA, Ordonez S (1994) The physicochemical weathering of monumental dolostones, granites and limestones dimension stones of the Cathedral of Toledo (Spain). Kuchitsu N, Ishizaki T, Nishiura T (1999) Salt weathering of the brick monuments in Ayutthaya, Thailand. Kaplan CD, Murtezaoğlu F, İpekoğlu B, Boke H (2013) Weathering of andesite monuments in archaeological sites. Prague and Moravian Museum, Czech Republic, Brno, Dolin Jassim SZ, Goff JC (2006) Geology of Iraq. Janvier-Badosa S, Beck K, Brunetaud X, Al-Mukhtar M (2013) The occurrence of gypsum in the scaling of stones at the Castle of Chambord (France). ICOMOS–ISCS (2008) Illustrated glossary on stone deterioration patterns.

ziggurat 2 laboratory

Environ Geol 53:339–352ĭelalieux F, Cardell C, Todorov V, Dekov V, Grieken RV (2001) Environmental conditions controlling the chemical weathering of the Madara Horseman monument, NE Bulgaria. doi: 10.1016/j.culher.2014.02.001Ĭharola AE, Puhringer J, Steiger M (2007) Gypsum: a Review of its role in the deterioration of Building Materials. Sci Total Environ 167:1–14Ĭarcangiu G, Casti M, Desogus G, Meloni P, Ricciu R (2014) Microclimatic monitoring of a semi-confined archaeological site affected by salt crystallisation. Edward Arnold, Ltd LondonĬamuffo D (1995) Physical weathering of stones. In: IEEE conference publication, Engineering Sciences (FNCES), 2012 First National Conference for Engineering Sciences, 7–8 Nov, Baghdad, doi: 10.1109/NCES.2012.6740455īlyth FGH (1971) A geology for engineers, 5th edn. Iraqi Geological Journal 26(3):108–121Īl-Omari A, Beck K, Brunetaud X, Al-Mukhtar M (2012) Climatic condition and limestone decay in Al-Namrud monuments: review and discussion. GeoArabia 12(3):141–174Īl-Naqib SQ, Aghwan TA (1993) Sedimentological study of the calstic units of the lower fars formation. International Workshop on Civil Engineering and Urban Planning (WCEUP) held on 26–28 July in Hangzhou China IEEE Catalog Number: CFP1153 K-PRT, ISBN: 978-1-61284-772-6Īl-Juboury AI, McCann T (2005) The middle miocene fatha (lower fars) formation. In: 2nd international conference on salt weathering on building and stone Sculpture (SWBSS), 19–22 October, Limassol, pp 89–96Īli HE, Khattab SA, Beck K, AL-Mukhtar M (2011b) Stone decay in the Al-Namrud Monuments in Iraq: characterization of historical and fresh marble stone treated with accelerated decay tests. thesis, University of Mosul, MosulĪli HE, Khattab SA, Beck K, AL-Mukhtar M (2011a), Salt weathering in the Al-Namrud monuments in Iraq: characterization of historical stone and fresh stone treated with accelerated decay tests. 5:399–407Īli HE (2011) Study the mechanism of deterioration on the rocks used in the historical building, Ph.D. This means that these fresh stones could be used in future restoration work.Īlbertano P, Pacchiani D, Capucci E (2004) The public response to innovative strategies for the control of biodeterioration in archaeological hypogea. Results also indicate that the characteristics of samples of the core of historic stone are quite similar to those of the fresh stone extracted from the quarry, demonstrating that the core of the historic stone is unweathered and that this quarry was probably the source of the construction material for Al-Ziggurat. Gypsum is the predominant salt and probably originated from the soil in contact with the stones during burial of the walls. Results show that the main damage observed on the stone surface of Al-Ziggurat walls is due to salt weathering. Physical properties, pore space system, mineralogical and chemical compositions and microstructural properties of historic, fresh and weathered stones were determined by various complementary techniques at the microscopic level. Stone samples from a quarry believed to be the origin of the stones used in the construction of Al-Nimrud were also characterized. Samples taken from the surface and the core stones of Al-Ziggurat walls in the archaeological city of Al-Nimrud (North Iraq) were characterized. Diagnosing the weathering of stones used in built heritage is essential for their preservation.










Ziggurat 2 laboratory